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HTML,XHTML and JAVASCRIPT
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The World Wide Web Consortium — W3C is the governing body in relation
to pages that appear on the web. Both of the main browser suppliers, Netscape Communications and Internet Explorer are members of the W3C as are some of the other main web tool
makers. As a result the combined co—operation of all the parties have driven HTML standards from version 3.2 to 4.0 and subsequently to XHTML, oh and by the way picking up Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) along the way.
The following is some brief information about web standards and conventions with as little ‘techie’ speak as possible.
Please take the time to visit the comments page and leave your views and suggestions.
The current version of HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language) is HTML4.01. HTML is the lingua
franca for publishing hypertext on the World Wide Web. It is a non—proprietary format based upon Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), and can be created and processed by a wide range of tools, from simple plain text editors such as “Notepad” , where the web
author types the code from scratch, to sophisticated WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) authoring tools
such as Macromedia's Dreamweaver and Microsoft®
FrontPage.
HTML uses tags such as ‹h1› and ‹⁄h1› to structure text into headings, paragraphs, lists, hypertext links
etc. The following is an example of what would be required for a validated page to show just the XHTML validation image below.
‹?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?›
‹!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN”
“http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd”›
‹html xmlns=“http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xml:lang=“en-br” lang=“en-br”›
‹head›
‹title›Title of Page
‹/title›
‹script type=“text/javascript” src=“java/cache.js”›
‹/script›
‹link rel=“stylesheet” type=“text/css” href=“style.css”/›
‹/head›
‹body›
‹p›
‹a href=“http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer”›
‹img src=“http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10” alt=“Valid XHTML 1.0!” height=“31” width=“88” /›
‹/a›
‹/p›
‹/body›
‹/html›
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XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language) version 2 is a general-purpose markup language designed for representing documents for a wide
range of purposes across the World Wide Web. It does not attempt to be all things to all people, supplying every possible markup idiom, but
to supply a generally useful set of elements. All tags should be created in lower case and all tags should be closed.
These pages were constructed to comply with the strict translation of XHTML. There are three translations, namely strict, transitional and frameset.
The translation must be declared in the DOCTYPE on every page.
JavaScript - JavaScript is a client side programming language and was designed to add interactivity to HTML pages. It is a scripting
language - a scripting language is a lightweight programming language. JavaScript is lines of executable computer code. A JavaScript is
usually embedded directly in HTML pages. JavaScript is an interpreted language (means that scripts execute without preliminary compilation).
Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license. All major browsers, like Netscape and Internet Explorer, support JavaScript.
The browser will run the program.
Some JavaScript has been used in conjunction with the left nav bar buttons to change the image when the mouse is hovered over it.
The images are cached to the clients computer when the page is loaded. As the images are used on every page,
then it is economical and speedier to retrieve the images from the local machine rather than the server every time.
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